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Международные организации - (реферат)

p>ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ С ЯВНЫМ ЗАПАДНЫМ ДОМИНИРОВАНИЕМ, СОЗДАННЫЕ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНЕИЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ, ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ И ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ПРОБЛЕМ

    Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
    established-20 January 1930
    effective-17 March 1930

aim-to promote cooperation among central banks in international financial settlements

    members-(30) Australia, Austria,
    Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark,
    Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
    Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
    Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain,
    Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia
    Commonwealth (C)
    established-31 December 1931

members-(48) Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, UK, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe special members-(2) Nauru, Tuvalu

    Group of 6
    established-NA
    members-(6) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK
    International Monetary Fund (IMF)
    established-22 July 1944
    effective-27 December 1945

members-(175) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe observers-(3) Holy See, North Korea, Monaco

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) note-also known as the World Bank

established-22 July 1944
effective-27 December 1945

members-(174) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Solvenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM)
established-NA 1949

members-(17) Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US cooperating countries-(8) Austria, Finland, Ireland, South Korea, NZ, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland

    Council of Europe (CE)
    established-5 May 1949
    effective-3 August 1949

aim-to promote increased unity and quality of life in Europe

members-(29) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,

Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, San Marino,

    Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK
    North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
    established-17 September 1949
    aim-to promote mutual defense and cooperation
    members-(16) Belgium, Canada, Denmark,
    France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg,
    Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US
    Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
    established-NA 1958

aim-associated with OECD, seeks to promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy

    members-(23) Australia, Austria,
    Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
    Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg,
    Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
    Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) established-14 December 1960,

    effective
    30 September 1961
    aim-to promote economic cooperation
    and development
    members-(24) Australia, Austria,
    Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
    Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg,
    Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,

Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US special members-(2) EC, Yugoslavia

    Group of 10 (G-10)
    note-also known as the Paris Club
    established-NA October 1962

aim-wealthiest members of the IMF who provide most of the money to be loaned and act as the informal steering committee; name persists in spite of the addition of Switzerland on NA April 1984

members-(11) Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US

Franc Zone (FZ)
established-NA

aim-to form a monetary union among countries whose currencies are linked to the French franc

    members-(15) Benin, Burkina, Cameroon,
    Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote
    d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Mali,
    Niger, Senegal, Togo; note-France includes
    metropolitan France, the four overseas departments
    of France (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
    Reunion), the two territorial collectivities of
    France (Mayotte, Saint Pierre and Miquelon), and the
    three overseas territories of France (French
    Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna)
    International Energy Agency (IEA)
    established-15 November 1974
    aim-established by the OECD to promote
    cooperation on energy matters, especially emergency
    oil sharing and relations between oil consumers and
    oil producers
    members-(21) Australia, Austria,
    Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Ireland,
    Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway,
    Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
    Group of 8 (G-8)
    established-NA October 1975
    aim-the developed countries (DCs) that participated in the