Ðåôåðàò: Èíòðàíåò ñåòè
íèÿ ê ñåòÿì ñ ýòèìè ïðîòîêîëàìè äëÿ ñåòåé ôèðìû Novell. Íà ôàéëî-
âîì ñåðâåðå TCP/IP âêëþ÷àåò â ñåáÿ íàáîð NLM äëÿ ïîääåðæêè âîçìîæ-
íîñòåé ìàðøðóòèçàöèè IP è ïîñòðîåíèÿ èíòåðñåòåé, ïîääåðæêè ôóíêöè-
îíèðîâàíèÿ ïðèëîæåíèé, òàêèõ êàê NetWare NFS, âîçìîæíîñòü ïðîêëàä-
êè òóííåëåé IPX ÷åðåç èíòåðñåòè IP. Äîïîëíèòåëüíî TCP/IP îáåñïå÷è-
âàåò òðàíñïîðòíûé èíòåðôåéñ, èñïîëüçóåìûé êàê NFS, òàê è äðóãèìè
ïðèëîæåíèÿìè, íàïèñàííûìè äëÿ èíòåðôåéñîâ òèïà ñîêåò 4.3BSD UNIX
èëè AT&T Streams Transport Layer Interface (TLI). NetWare v3.11
TCP/IP âêëþ÷àåò ñëåäóþùèå çàãðóæàåìûå ìîäóëè è ôàéëû áàçû äàííûõ:
NLM NetWare TCP/IP (TCPIP.NLM)
The Simple Network Management Protocol NLM
(SNMP.NLM)
The SNMP event logger NLM (SNMPLOG.NLM)
The TCP/IP Console NLM (TCPCON.NLM)
The IP configuration NLM (IPCONFIG.NLM)
The IPX/IP Tunnel module (IPTUNNEL.LAN)
Sample Internet database files (GATEWAYS, HOSTS,
NETWORKS, PROTOCOL, and SERVICES)
Àðõèòåêòóðà TCP/IP ïðèâåäåíà íà ðèñ.3.6.
Àðõèòåêòóðà TCP/IP â NetWare
-----------------------------------------------------------¬
¦ ¦
+----------------------------------------------------------+
¦------------¬ ----------¬ -----------¬ --------------¬¦
¦¦ Äðóãèå ¦ ¦ TCPCON ¦ ¦ SNMPLOG ¦ ¦ Äðóãèå ¦¦
¦¦ ïðèëîæåíèÿ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ïðèëîæåíèÿ ¦¦
¦¦ TLI ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ äëÿ ñîêåòîâ ¦¦
¦L-----T------ L----T----- L-----T----- L------T-------¦
¦ ¦ L--------------+--------------+ ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ ã============¬ ¦ ¦
¦ \¦/ ¦ ¦ \¦/ ¦
¦--------------¬ ¦ ¦ -------+------¬¦
¦¦ Èíòåðôåéñ ¦ ¦ NetWare ¦ ¦ Ñîêåòû ¦¦
¦¦ òðàíñïîðòí ¦ ¦ NFS ¦ ¦ BSD ¦¦
¦¦ óðîâíÿ TLI ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦
¦L-----T-------- L======T=====- L------T-------¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
¦ \¦/ \¦/ \¦/ ¦
¦------+----------------------+--------------------+------¬¦
¦¦ Òðàíñïîðòíàÿ ñèñòåìà TCP/IP NetWare ¦¦
¦L--------------------------T------------------------------¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ----------------+----------------¬ ¦
¦ ¦Îòêðûòûé èíòåðôåéñ ODI ¦ ¦
¦ L----T----------T----------T------ ¦
¦ ----------- \¦/ L-----------¬ ¦
¦ -----+----¬ -------+------¬ ------+----¬ ¦
¦ ¦ Äðàéâåð ¦ ¦ Äðàéâåð ¦ ¦ Äðàéâåð ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ Ethernet¦ ¦ Token Ring ¦ ¦ ARCnet ¦ ¦
¦ L----T----- L------T------- L-----T----- ¦
¦ \¦/ \¦/ \¦/ ¦
¦------+--------¬ --------+---------¬ -------+-----¬ ¦
¦¦ Àäàïòåð ¦ ¦ Àäàïòåð ¦ ¦ Àäàïòåð ¦ ¦
¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
¦¦ Ethernet ¦ ¦ Token Ring ¦ ¦ Arcnet ¦ ¦
¦L--------------- L------------------ L------------- ¦
¦ ¦
L-----------------------------------------------------------
Ðèñ.3.6.
Ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå TCP/IP ïîçâîëÿåò ðåàëèçîâàòü ðàçëè÷íûå
êîíôèãóðàöèè ñåòåé IP IPX.
Ñåòü IP (ñåðâåðû è êëèåíòû UNIX) ìîãóò âçàèìîäåéñòâîâàòü ìåæäó
ñîáîé, èñïîëüçóÿ ïðîòîêîë TCP/IP, â îäíîé ôèçè÷åñêîé ñåòè ñ ñåðâå-
ðàìè è êëèåíòàìè NetWare. Ïðèìåð òàêîé ñåòè Ethernet ñ àäðåñîì ñå-
òè IP 129.1.0.0 è ñ àäðåñîì ñåòè IPX 84404556 ïðèâåäåí íà ðèñóíêå
3.7.
Ñîâìåñòíàÿ ðàáîòà TCP/IP è SPX/IPX
ã================¬
¦ NetWare Server ¦ ---------------¬
¦ ¦ ¦ UNIX Server ¦
L=========T======- L-------T-------
129.1.0.3 ¦ ¦ 129.1.0.1
¦ ¦
¦IPX Net=84404556 ¦ IP Net=129.1.0.0
------T---+------------T----+------------T-------------
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
------+--------¬ -----+---------¬ ¦ 129.1.0.2
¦NetWare Client¦ ¦NetWare Client¦ -----+-----------¬
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦UNIX Workstation¦
L--------------- L--------------- L-----------------
Ðèñ.3.7.
Ñåòè IP è IPX ìîãóò ïîäêëþ÷àòüñÿ ê îäíîìó ñåðâåðó NetWare. Êëè-
åíòû UNIX ìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòü ôàéëîâîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñåðâåðà ñ ïî-
ìîùüþ Netware NFS (ðèñ.3.8.).
Ïîäêëþ÷åíèå ñåòåé TCP/IP è SPX/IPX ê ñåðâåðó
---------------------¬ --------------¬
¦Ðàáî÷àÿ ñòàíöèÿ UNIX¦ ¦ Ñåðâåð UNIX ¦
L---------T----------- L-----T--------
¦129.1.0.2 ¦129.1.0.1
¦ ¦
¦ ¦Ñåòü IP=129.1.0.0
-----------+----------------T------+-------------------
129.1.03 ¦
ã========¦=========¬
¦ Ñåðâåð NetWare ¦
L=========T========-
¦
Ñåòü IPX = 84404556 ¦ Ñåòü Token Ring
------------------------+-----------------------¬
L------T------------------------------------T----
¦ ¦
-------+-------¬ -------+-------¬
¦Êëèåíò NetWare¦ ¦Êëèåíò NetWare¦
L--------------- L---------------
Ðèñ.3.8.
Åñòü âîçìîæíîñòü ìàðøðóòèçàöèè ïàêåòîâ IP ÷åðåç ñåðâåð NetWare.
Íà ðèñ.3.9. TCP/IP â ñåðâåðå Netware 1 îáåñïå÷èâàþò ìàðøðóòèçàöèþ
ïàêåòîâ IP, äàâàÿ âîçìîæíîñòü êëèåíòàì UNIX èç ñåòè IP Ethernet
ðàáîòàòü ñ ñåðâåðîì Netware 2.
Ìàðøðóòèçàöèÿ ïàêåòîâ IP ÷åðåç ñåðâåð NetWare
---------------------¬ --------------¬
¦Ðàáî÷àÿ ñòàíöèÿ UNIX¦ ¦ Ñåðâåð UNIX ¦
L---------T----------- L-----T--------
¦129.1.0.2 ¦129.1.0.1
¦ ¦
¦ ¦Ñåòü IP=129.1.0.0
-----------+----------------T------+-------------------
129.1.03 ¦
ã========¦=========¬
¦ Ñåðâåð NetWare 1¦
L=========T========-
¦
Ñåòü IPX = 84404556 ¦ Ñåòü Token Ring
------------------------+-----------------------¬
L----T------------------T-----------------T------
¦ ¦ ¦
-------+-------¬ ã=======¦========¬ -------+-------¬
¦Êëèåíò NetWare¦ ¦Ñåðâåð NetWare 2¦ ¦Êëèåíò NetWare¦
L--------------- L================- L---------------
Ðèñ.3.9.
Âêëþ÷èâ â ñîñòàâ ñåòè IP, èçîáðàæåííîé íà ðèñ.3.10.-, ìàðøðóòè-
çàòîð IP ìîæíî îáåñïå÷èòü âûõîä â ãëîáàëüíóþ èíòåðñåòü IP.
Ñðåäñòâà ïðîêëàäêè òóííåëåé IP îáåñïå÷èâàþò ïðîçðà÷íîå âçàèìî-
äåéñòâèå ñåòåé IPX ÷åðåç èíòåðñåòü IP. Òóííåëü IP ïðåäñòàâëÿåò
ñòàíäàðòíûé èíòåðôåéñ äðàéâåðà ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè äëÿ ñèñòåìû NetWare.
Ñàìà èíòåðñåòü IP ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñðåäîé ïåðåäà÷è.  ýòîì ñìûñëå àäðåñ IP
âûïîëíÿåò â ñðåäå IP òó æå ôóíêöèþ, ÷òî ôèçè÷åñêèé àäðåñ â ôèçè-
÷åñêîé ñðåäå. Ïðèìåð èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ òóííåëÿ IP äëÿ âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ
ñåòåé IPX ÷åðåç èíòåðñåòü IP ïðèâåäåí íà ðèñ.3.10.
Âçàèìîäåéñòâèå ñåòåé NetWare ÷åðåç òóííåëü IP
Òóííåëü IP ã============¬
¦ ¦ Ñåòü IPX ¦
Ñòðàíèöû: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
