Реферат: Половые гормоны
Ðàññìîòðèì ïîäðîáíåå äåéñòâèå ãåñòàãåíîâ. Ãåñòàãåíàìè íàç. ãîðìîí æåëòîãî òåëà (ëþòåîãîðìîí, ïðîãåñòåðîí) è âåùåñòâà, îáëàäàþùèå òàêèì äåéñòâèåì, êàê ãîðìîí æåëòîãî òåëà. Ïðîãåñòåðîí êàê è ýñòðîãåííûå ãîðìîíû îòíîñèòñÿ ê ñòåðîèäàì.  îðãàíèçìå æåíùèíû ïðîãåñòåðîí âûðàáàòûâàåò æåëòîå òåëî ÿè÷íèêà, ïëàöåíòà, êîðà íàäïî÷å÷íèêà.
Ãîðìîí æåëòîãî òåëà â ìî÷ó íå ïîïàäàåò, à âûäåëÿåòñÿ â âèäå ïðîäóêòà åãî ðàñïàäà – ïðåãíàíäèîëà. Êîëè÷åñòâî ïðåãíàíäèîëà ñîñò. ïðèáëèçèòåëüíî 1\5 îò âñåãî îáðàçîâàâøåãîñÿ èëè ââåäåííîãî â îðãàíèçì ïðîãåñòåðîíà.
Êîðîé íàäïî÷å÷íèêà, îñîáåííî ïðè íåêîòîðûõ ïàòîëîãè÷åñêèõ ñîñòîÿíèÿõ âûðàáàòûâàåòñÿ çíà÷èòåëüíîå êîëè÷åñòâî ïðîãåñòåðîíà. Îá ýòîì ìîæíî ñóäèòü ïî êîëè÷åñòâó ïðåãíàíäèîëà, âûäåëÿåìîãî ñ ìî÷îé. Ïðîãåñòåðîíîïîäîáíûì äåéñòâèåì îáëàäàþò è ãîðìîíû êîðû íàäïî÷å÷íèêîâ, íàïðèìåð, äåçîêñèêîðòèêîñòåðîí, òåñòîñòåðîí è äðóãèå àíäðîãåíû, êîò. â îðãàíèçìå ìîãóò ïðåâðàùàòüñÿ â ïðîãåñòåðîí.
Ïðè äëèòåëüíîì ïðèìåíåíèè ïðîãåñòåðîíà òîðìîçèòñÿ îáðàçîâàíèå ôîëëèêóëîñòèìóëèðóþùåãî ãîðìîíà â ïåðåäíåé äîëå ãèïîôèçà è ñîçðåâàíèå ôîëëèêóëà. Îòìå÷åíî, ÷òî ýôôåêò äåéñòâèÿ ïðîãåñòåðîíà íà ïåðåäíþþ äîëþ ãèïîôèçà çàâèñèò îò óðîâíÿ ýñòðîãåíîâ â îðãàíèçìå æåíùèíû.
RESUME
There are two groups of sex hormones – male and female. The main female hormones are estrogens and gestagens and the main male hormones are androgens. They are included in the number of steroid hormones. They determine sex differenses between men and women.
ÑÏÈÑÎÊ ËÈÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÛ.
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